SPORT

Sport is an activity that is governed by a set of rules or customs and often engaged in competitively. Sports commonly refer to activities where the physical capabilities of the competitor are the sole or primary determiner of the outcome (winning or losing), but the term is also used to include activities such as mind sports (a common name for some card games and board games with little to no element of chance) and motor sports where mental acuity or equipment quality are major factors. Some of the physical sports include association football, basketball, water polo, and baseball.

History of Sport

History
There are artifacts and structures that suggest that the Chinese engaged in sporting activities as early as 4000 BC.[1] Gymnastics appears to have been a popular sport in China's ancient past. Monuments to the Pharaohs indicate that a number of sports, including swimming and fishing, were well-developed and regulated several thousands of years ago in ancient Egypt.[2] Other Egyptian sports included javelin throwing, high jump, and wrestling. Ancient Persian sports such as the traditional Iranian martial art of Zourkhaneh had a close connection to the warfare skills.[3] Among other sports that originate in Persia are polo and jousting. A wide range of sports were already established by the time of Ancient Greece and the military culture and the development of sports in Greece influenced one another considerably. Sports became such a prominent part of their culture that the Greeks created the Olympic Games, which in ancient times were held every four years in a small village in the Peloponnesus called Olympia.[4] Industrialization has brought increased leisure time to the citizens of developed and developing countries, leading to more time for citizens to attend and follow spectator sports, greater participation in athletic activities, and increased accessibility. These trends continued with the advent of mass media and global communication. Professionalism became prevalent, further adding to the increase in sport's popularity, as sports fans began following the exploits of professional athletes through radio, television, and the internet--all while enjoying the exercise and competition associated with amateur participation in sports. In the new millennium, new sports have been going further from the physical aspect to the mental or psychological aspect of competing. Cyber sports organizations are becoming more and more popular. Activities where the outcome is determined by judgement over execution are considered performances, or competition.

Sabtu, 17 Mei 2008

Volley Ball- A History Not Too Old

Volley ball is one of the most popular sports in the world that draws attention of sports buff across the globe. Seeing its not too old history, game's popularity around the globe seems incredible. This sport is barely one hundred and ten year old and has already gone through various stages of evolution.

The history begins with Mr. G. Morgan developing the initial form of the sport in 1895. He termed the game, “Mintonette”. This sport originally aimed at providing entertainment to the businessmen. The birthplace of volleyball was Masachussetts where Morgan used to work, in Holyoke. Though the game was new in itself, Morgan combined various facets of other sports to make it playable. Net was introduced from tennis, although it's height was raised above the height of the normal man. Some other ideas were taken from baseball and baseball.

The credit of the present name of the game goes to a spectator. While watching one such game, the spectator commented that game is all about volleying the ball. That was the day when this game was christened again as Volleyball.

It took one year for the first official game to be played in 1896. The venue was Springfield College. Then onwards the sport never looked back. By 1900, a new ball was specifically made to suit the sport. The year also witnessed the sport getting trans national as YMCA took the volleyball to Canada and South America. Within four to five years, Cuba also became a host to the game.

Within twelve years of its birth, volleyball was declared as one of the most popular sport at play America convention. By 1913, the sport registered an entry in Eastern game events. A new thing was introduced in the game at Philippines in 1916. It was the introduction of spike and set pass in the game. The term “Bomba” and “Bomberino” for kill and the hitter was also a contribution of Filipinos. Later, scoring points were also reduced to 15 from 21.

A few years later sixteen thousand volleyballs were distributed to army men by American Expeditionary Forces, resulting in a surge in the popularity of the sport. By 1928, American Volleyball Association was ready to organize tournaments. Men's open was kick started in US. In 1934, the sport witnessed introduction of referees. It took six more years to facilitate way for World Championship in the sport. The sport registered its birth in Olympic in 1964. Growing popularity among women gave way to Women's professional Volley Ball Association.

This fascinating journey of Volleyball is on and still moving. Seeing its growing acceptance, it is likely to scale new heights in the history of sports.

Tidak ada komentar: